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Primera edición de ASSESSMENT.Tests.es
Antonio Cañas Vargas
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ASSESSMENT.Tests.es.md
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ASSESSMENT.Tests.es.md
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# Hacer un test
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La opción **EVALUACIÓN > Tests** genera y evalúa un examen de test con preguntas aleatorias tomadas de un banco de preguntas creado por los profesores de la asignatura. Este es uno de los servicios más valorado por los estudiantes, ya que les permite autoevaluarse y afrontar los exámenes con mayor confianza.
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Actualmente hay **seis tipos de respuestas**:
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* Número entero
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* Número real
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* Verdadero / Falso
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* Elección única entre varias opciones
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* Elección múltiple entre varias opciones
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* Texto
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Inicialmente, el estudiante debe elegir:
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* Descriptores (temas) asociados a las preguntas de test
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* Tipos de respuestas
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* Número de preguntas
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SWAD elige preguntas al azar de entre todas aquellas que tienen los descriptores seleccionados y presenta un examen al estudiante. SWAD incorpora un mecanismo para enviar que los estudiantes repitan una y otra vez el mismo examen de test pulsando en el botón _atrás_ del navegador. Una vez que el estudiante ha respondido un examen de test y este ha sido evaluado, si vuelve hacia atrás en el navegador hacia la página anterior e intenta volver a evaluar el mismo test, la acción se deniega.
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Cuando el estudiante termina de responder el examen, puede activar opcionalmente el selector o _checkbox_ "Permitir a los profesores consultar este test" (si se selecciona, los profesores podrán ver los resultados y detalles del examen). Por último, el estudiante debe pulsar **He terminado; corregir test** para que el examen se corrija y se guarde.
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## Realimentación
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Once completed the test, the student may receive feedback on his/her answers and the correct answers. Teachers can choose from **five types of feedback** for the student:
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* No feedback
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* _Little_: only the total score of the test is shown
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* _Medium_: the score of each question is shown, but not the correct answer
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* _High_: the correct answer is displayed on each question
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* _Maximum_: show feedback text
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## Cálculo de la calificación
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For the types of answers T / F, single choice and multiple choice, the rating calculation aims the student to obtain a 0 score when choosing random answers. For a given question, if _N_ is the number of answers (SWAD forces _N_ >= 2), _T_ the number of answers declared as true by the teacher (SWAD forces _T_ >= 1), _F_ the number of answers declared false (_F_ = _N_ - _T_), _H_ the number of hits or correct answers by the student and _E_ the number of errors, the expressions used to calculate the score or result _R_ of the question are:
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* If 0 < T < N
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* _R_ = _H_/_T_ - _E_/(_N_ - _T_) = _H_/_T_ - _E_/_F_
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* In true / false answers, _T_ = 1 and _N_ = 2, so _R_ = _H_ - _E_
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* In unique choice answers, _T_ = 1 and _N_ >= 2, so _R_ = _H_ - _E_/(_N_ - 1)
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* If T = N (all answers are true, only possible in multiple choice answers)
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* _R_ = _H_/_N_ = _H_/_T_
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## Resultados de tests
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If you are a student, click on **Test results**, then choose a range of dates, and click on **View test results**. A list will appear with the exams you did in that range of dates. You can see the results and details of each of the exams by clicking on **View test** icon (at the right of the row).
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If you are a teacher, click on **Test results**, then select the students whose tests you want to see, choose a range of dates, and click on **View test results**. A list will appear with all exams made in that range of dates. You can examine the results and details of those exams that the students have marked with _Allow teachers to consult this exam_ by clicking on **View test** icon (at the right of the row).
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# Editar preguntas de test
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## Escribir una nueva pregunta
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By clicking on _New question_ icon (plus sign) on the top left corner of the box, a form appears in which teachers can select existing self-assessment test questions.
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At the top left you can be select up to 5 **tags** or descriptors for the question from all the tags that have been written previously on other questions. At the top right new tags may be introduced if not written yet.
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Underneath these tags, the **stem** or wording of the question is written.
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Under the heading you can select one of the following **types of answers**:
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* Integer number
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* Real number
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* True / False
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* Unique choice among several options
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* Multiple choice among several options
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* Text
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Finally the **answers** must be written.
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* For an integer type answer you must indicate the correct number.
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* For a real type answer you must specify the correct closed interval. For example, if you ask for the value of Pi, [3,140 ... 3,142] could be established as valid range interval. The real numbers can be entered with dots or commas and using exponential notation is allowed.
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* In the case of a true / false answer, the correct answer must be chosen.
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* In the case of unique or multiple choice answer, you can write from 2 to 10 possible answers and indicate which one or ones are right by the markings on the left of the answers, and you can indicate whether the order of the answers will be shuffled.
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* If the answer is text, you should write one or more possible correct answers considering that SWAD is not sensitive to the use of upper / lower case. For example, if the question requests the author of the Theory of General Relativity you can provide the answers "Albert Einstein" or "Einstein" as valid.
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For the stem and any of the unique choice, multiple choice or text answers, you can add a **feedback text**.
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For the stem and any of the unique choice or multiple choice answers, you can add an **image**. Each image can have an optional title/attribution and an optional link to the source of the image.
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When the form is submitted, a confirmation is obtained. In the confirmation screen you can remove or re-edit the newly written question. In the case of unique or multiple choice answer you are also allowed to choose whether you want SWAD shuffle the order of random answers.
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## Editar preguntas escritas anteriormente
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By clicking on _Edit_ icon on the top left corner of the box, a form appears in which the teacher chooses what questions he/she wants to edit. The form allows you to choose the tags included in the questions, the types of answers and a range of dates in which they were published.
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By clicking on "Show questions" button, a list appears. The teacher can **delete** or **re-edit** (change) any of the questions from the list by clicking on the corresponding icons. In the case of unique or multiple choice answer, you are also allowed to choose whether to **shuffle** the order of the answers.
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By default, the questions are listed in alphabetical order by the stem. They can also be sorted by the number of times they have been answered, and by the mean score. The latter criterion allows the teacher to identify the difficulty of the questions or possible errors in the wording or the answers. For the average score, SWAD stored for each question the total score and the number of times it has been answered.
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## Exportar / importar preguntas de test
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When the teacher is editing one or more questions, he/she can export them to an XML file by clicking on "Export questions". To import questions from an XML file, he/she can click on "Import questions". This allows the teacher to copy questions from one course to another.
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Important note: In the future SWAD will use UTF-8 encoding, but it currently uses Windows-1252 encoding. If you manually edit the XML file in a text editor, you need to save it in Windows-1252 or ISO-8859-1 format.
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The following is an example of XML file with multiple questions:
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```
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="windows-1252"?>
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<test>
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<question type="uniqueChoice">
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<tags>
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<tag>Viajes espaciales</tag>
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</tags>
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<stem>¿Cuál de los siguientes módulos lunares no alunizó?</stem>
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<feedback>Todas las respuestas corresponden a módulos que alunizaron en las misiones Apolo 11 a Apolo 17, excepto el módulo Aquarius, de la misión Apolo 13, que no alunizó.</feedback>
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<answer shuffle="yes">
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Eagle</text>
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<feedback>Incorrecto. El Eagle alunizó en la misión Apolo 11.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Intrepid</text>
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<feedback>Incorrecto. El Intrepid alunizó en la misión Apolo 12.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="yes">
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<text>Aquarius</text>
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<feedback>Correcto. El Aquarius era el módulo de mando de la misión Apolo 13, que no alunizó.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Antares</text>
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<feedback>Incorrecto. El Antares alunizó en la misión Apolo 14.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Falcon</text>
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<feedback>Incorrecto. El Falcon alunizó en la misión Apolo 15.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Orion</text>
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<feedback>Incorrecto. El Orion alunizó en la misión Apolo 16.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Challenger</text>
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<feedback>Incorrecto. El Challenger alunizó en la misión Apolo 17.</feedback>
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</option>
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</answer>
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</question>
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<question type="text">
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<tags>
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<tag>Cultura general sobre astronomía</tag>
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<tag>Viajes espaciales</tag>
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</tags>
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<stem>¿Cuál es el nombre de la primera misión espacial tripulada que alunizó con éxito?</stem>
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<feedback>El Apolo 11 fue la primera misión tripulada en llegar a la superficie de la Luna. La tripulación del Apolo 11 estaba compuesta por el comandante de la misión Neil A. Armstrong; Edwin E. Aldrin Jr., piloto del LEM, apodado Buzz; y Michael Collins, piloto del módulo de mando. El comandante Neil Armstrong fue el primer ser humano que pisó la superficie de la Luna el 21 de julio de 1969 a las 2:56 (hora internacional UTC) al sur del Mar de la Tranquilidad, seis horas y media después de haber alunizado.</feedback>
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<answer>
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<option>
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<text>Apolo 11</text>
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<feedback>En español y números arábigos</feedback>
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</option>
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<option>
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<text>Apolo XI</text>
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<feedback>En español y números romanos</feedback>
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</option>
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<option>
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<text>Apollo 11</text>
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<feedback>En inglés y números arábigos</feedback>
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</option>
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<option>
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<text>Apollo XI</text>
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<feedback>En inglés y números romanos</feedback>
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</option>
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</answer>
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</question>
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<question type="multipleChoice">
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<tags>
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<tag>Viajes espaciales</tag>
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</tags>
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<stem>¿Cuáles de los siguientes astronautas pisaron la Luna?</stem>
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<feedback>De los cuatro, Armstrong y Aldrin pisaron la Luna en la misión Apolo 11.
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Collins se quedó en el módulo de mando de la misma misión Apolo 11, orbitando la Luna. Lovell fue el comandante de la misión Apolo 13, que no llegó a alunizar.</feedback>
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<answer shuffle="yes">
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<option correct="yes">
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<text>Neil A. Armstrong</text>
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<feedback>Neil Alden Armstrong fue el primer ser humano en pisar la Luna el 21 de julio de 1969, en la misión Apolo 11.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="yes">
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<text>Edwin E. Aldrin</text>
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<feedback>Buzz Aldrin fue la segunda persona en pisar la Luna en la misión Apolo 11.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>Michael Collins</text>
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<feedback>En julio de 1969, Collins, como miembro de la misión lunar Apolo 11, pilotó el módulo de mando "Columbia", mientras Neil Armstrong y Edwin E. Aldrin realizaban el primer alunizaje.</feedback>
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</option>
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<option correct="no">
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<text>James A. Lovell</text>
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<feedback>James Arthur Lovell fue el comandante que trajo de vuelta a salvo a la averiada nave Apolo 13.</feedback>
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</option>
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</answer>
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</question>
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<question type="int">
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<tags>
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<tag>Cultura general sobre astronomía</tag>
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<tag>Viajes espaciales</tag>
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</tags>
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<stem>¿Cuántos hombres han pisado la Luna?</stem>
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<feedback>12 hombres han pisado la Luna, 2 en cada una de las 6 misiones Apolo de la NASA que alunizaron con éxito:
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Apolo 11: Neil Armstrong (1º) y Edwin E. Aldrin (2º)
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Apolo 12: Charles Conrad (3º) y Alan L. Bean (4º)
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Apolo 14: Alan B. Shephard (4º) y Edgar Mitchell (6º)
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Apolo 15: David Scott (7º) y James B. Irwin (8º)
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Apolo 16: John Young (9º) y Charles Duke (10º)
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Apolo 17: Eugene Cernan (11º) y Harrison Schmitt (12º)</feedback>
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<answer>12</answer>
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</question>
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<question type="float">
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<tags>
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<tag>Cultura general sobre astronomía</tag>
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</tags>
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<stem>¿Qué distancia aproximada, en km, hay entre la Tierra y la Luna?</stem>
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<feedback>La distancia entre la Tierra y la Luna varia desde 356400 km a 406700 km, aproximadamente.</feedback>
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<answer>
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<lower>356400</lower>
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<upper>406700</upper>
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</answer>
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</question>
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<question type="TF">
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<tags>
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<tag>Cultura general sobre astronomía</tag>
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<tag>Viajes espaciales</tag>
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</tags>
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<stem>El hombre llegó a la Luna por primera vez en el año 1969.</stem>
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<feedback>El enunciado es verdadero. El comandante Neil Armstrong, en la misión Apolo 11, fue el primer ser humano que pisó la superficie de la Luna el 21 de julio de 1969 a las 2:56 (hora internacional UTC) al sur del Mar de la Tranquilidad, seis horas y media después de haber alunizado.</feedback>
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<answer>true</answer>
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</question>
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</test>
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```
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# Configurar tests
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By clicking the _Configure_ icon (a gear) at top left of the box, a form appears in which the teacher can:
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* **Disable** or **allow** each of the **tags**. In a self-assessment test, questions having any tag disabled will not appear.
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* **Rename** any of the **tags**. Just edit its name and press Enter or click outside the editing area.
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* Set the minimum, default and maximum **number of questions** in a self-assessment test.
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* Set the minimum **time** (in seconds) between performing two consecutive examinations by a student. This time is defined by question, and SWAD multiplies it by the number of questions of the last examination. If the elapsed time since the last examination is insufficient, the student will have to wait to make a new one, and will be informed about this.
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* Choose **feedback** for students between the following options:
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* No feedback
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* _Little_: only the total score of the test is shown
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* _Medium_: the score of each question is shown, but not the correct answer
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* _High_: the correct answer is displayed on each question
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* _Maximum_: show feedback text
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