#Unified hosts file

This repository consolidates several reputable hosts files, and merges them into a single unified hosts file with duplicates removed.

Several variants are available. See the table below:

Expectation: These unified hosts file should serve all devices, regardless of OS.

• Last updated: March 22 2016.

Hosts file variants

Host file recipe	Raw hosts	Unique domains
Unified hosts = (adware + malware)	link	27,274
Unified hosts + gambling	link	27,989
Unified hosts + porn	link	32,524
Unified hosts + social	link	27,382
Unified hosts + gambling + porn	link	33,239
Unified hosts + gambling + social	link	28,097
Unified hosts + porn + social	link	32,632
Unified hosts + gambling + porn + social	link	33,347

Sources of hosts data unified here

Updated hosts files from the following locations are always unified and included:

• The Adaway hosts file, updated regularly.
• MVPs.org Hosts file at http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.htm, updated monthly, or thereabouts.
• Dan Pollock at http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/ updated regularly.
• Malware Domain List at http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/, updated regularly.
• Peter Lowe at http://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/, updated regularly.
• My own small list in raw form here.

Extensions

The unified hosts file is extensible. You manage extensions by curating the extensions/ folder tree. See the social, gambling, and porn extension which are included in this repo, for example.

Generate your own unified hosts file

The updateHostsFile.py script, which is python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible, will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local data/ subfolder. The script will prompt you Whether it should fetch updated versions (from locations defined by the update.info text file in each source's folder), otherwise it will use the hosts file that's already there.

Usage

Using Python 3:

python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

Using Python 2.7:

python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

Command line options:

--auto, or -a: run the script without prompting. When --auto is invoked,

• Hosts data sources, including extensions, are updated.
• No extensions are included by default. Use the --extensions or -e flag to include any you want.
• Your active hosts file is not replaced unless you include the --replace flag.

--replace, or -r: trigger replacing your active hosts file with the new hosts file. Use along with --auto to force replacement.

--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn, or -i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn: the IP address to use as the target. Default is 0.0.0.0.

--extensions <ext1> <ext2> <ext3>, or -e <ext1> <ext2> <ext3>: the names of subfolders below the extensions folder containing additional category-specific hosts files to include in the amalgamation. Example: --extensions porn or -e social porn.

--noupdate, or -n: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

--output <subfolder>, or -o <subfolder>: place the generated source file in a subfolder. If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.

--help, or -h: display help.

How do I control which sources are unified?

Add one or more additional sources, each in a subfolder of the data/ folder, and specify its update url in update.info file.

Add one or more optional extensions, which originate from subfolders of the extensions/ folder. Again the url in update.info controls where this extension finds its updates.

How do I incorporate my own hosts?

If you have custom hosts records, place them in file myhosts. The contents of this file are prepended to the unified hosts file during the update process.

What is a hosts file?

A hosts file, named hosts (with no file extension), is a plain-text file used by all operating systems to map hostnames to IP addresses.

In most operating systems, the hosts file is preferential to DNS. Therefore if a domain name is resolved by the hosts file, the request never leaves your computer.

Having a smart hosts file goes a long way towards blocking malware, adware, and other irritants.

For example, to nullify requests to some doubleclick.net servers, adding these lines to your hosts file will do it:

# block doubleClick's servers
127.0.0.1 ad.ae.doubleclick.net
127.0.0.1 ad.ar.doubleclick.net
127.0.0.1 ad.at.doubleclick.net
127.0.0.1 ad.au.doubleclick.net
127.0.0.1 ad.be.doubleclick.net
# etc...

We recommend using 0.0.0.0 instead of 127.0.0.1

Using 0.0.0.0 is faster because you don't have to wait for a timeout. It also does not interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

Why not use just 0 instead of 0.0.0.0?

We tried that. Using 0 doesn't work universally.

Location of your hosts file

To modify your current hosts file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text editor.

Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux: /etc/hosts folder.

Windows: %SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts folder.

Reloading hosts file

Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

Mac OS X

Open a Terminal and run:

sudo dscacheutil -flushcache;sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder

Windows

Open a Command Prompt:

Windows XP: Start -> Run -> cmd

Windows Vista, 7: Start Button -> type cmd -> right-click Command Prompt -> "Run as Administrator"

Windows 8: Start -> Swipe Up -> All Apps -> Windows System -> right-click Command Prompt -> "Run as Administrator"

and run:

ipconfig /flushdns

Linux

Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

Debian/Ubuntu sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart

Linux with systemd: sudo systemctl restart network.service

Fedora Linux: sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service

Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager: sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service

Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd: sudo systemctl restart wicd.service

Others: Consult this wikipedia article.

Goals of this unified hosts file

The goals of this repo are to:

1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,

2. provide easy extensions,

3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,

4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated. A hosts source should be frequently updated by its maintainers with both additions and removals. The larger the hosts file, the higher the level of curation is expected.

For example, the (huge) hosts file from hosts-file.net is not included here because it is very large (300,000+ entries) and doesn't currently display a corresponding high level of curation activity.

It is expected that this unified hosts file will serve both desktop and mobile devices under a variety of operating systems.